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Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 506-510 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0275-5

摘要： The collision frequency function for aerosol particles has already been calculated for the free molecule regime and for the continuum range. The present work, taking into account the influence of internal force fields such as magnetic force, electric force and molecular forces, created by particles themselves, recalculated the collision frequency in the case of particles much smaller than the mean free path of the gas (free molecule regime). Attractive forces increase naturally the collision frequency, while repulsive forces decrease it. The calculation was performed for all types of central forces deriving from a potential, including Coulomb forces and Van der Waals forces.

关键词： aerosol particles collision frequency function coagulation

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Effects of seed particles Al

Xiao Zhang, Biwu Chu, Junhua Li, Chaozhi Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0936-4

摘要： Seed particles Al O , Al (SO ) and H SO were selected to investigate their effects on secondary aerosol (SA) formation in toluene/NO photooxidation under sulfur dioxide (SO ) and ammonia (NH ). Effect of seed particles on SA formation was related to their acid-base properties and the presence of acid or alkaline gases. Under NH -poor condition, SA formation increased with increasing SO concentration due to the acid-catalyzing effect of the oxidation products of SO (i.e. H SO ). The enhancing effect of SO became unobvious under NH -rich condition, because NH would eliminate the acid-catalyzing effect by neutralizing the acid products. Acidic seeds H SO accelerated SA formation under either SO or NH condition. Weak acidic Al (SO ) seeds didn’t affect obviously on SA formation. The inhibiting effect of amphoteric seeds Al O on SA formation was related to the presence of SO / NH due to their acid-base property. Under NH -poor condition, the inhibiting effect of Al O on SA formation decreased with increasing concentration of SO , while under NH -rich condition, the inhibiting effect wasn’t remarkable.

关键词： Seed particle Secondary aerosol Sulfur dioxide Ammonia Acid-catalyzing effect

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小粒径和球形气溶胶对2003—2018年陆地总气溶胶光学厚度下降趋势贡献显著 Article

桂柯, 车慧正,李雷,郑宇,张磊,赵胡笳,仲峻霆,要文瑞,梁苑新,王亚强,张小曳

《工程（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 82-92 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.017

摘要：

气溶胶光学和微物理特性是估计大气气溶胶气候强迫最大的不确定性之一。尽管气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）在全球及区域尺度上的演变趋势已经得到了广泛的研究，但对与气溶胶粒子特性相关的类型依赖AOD的变化趋势仍然知之甚少。在此，本研究利用多角度成像光谱辐射计（MISR）反演的气溶胶光学特性数据集，研究了2003—2018 年期间陆地总AOD（TAOD）及其按粒径大小和粒形分离的类型依赖AOD的10 年尺度趋势，分析了TAOD趋势和不同类型AOD演变之间的关系，并量化了不同类型AOD对TAOD趋势的相对贡献。通过将TAOD值分别按0.15、0.40 和0.80 的阈值划分为4 个不同的气溶胶污染等级（APL），进一步探讨了TAOD演变与APL 发生频率年际变化之间的关系。研究结果表明，2003—2018 年期间，除南亚地区外，大多数陆地区域的空气质量都有明显改善，表现为从轻度污染转变为清洁状态。然而，不同的APL对TAOD变化的影响及其相关程度具有显著的区域性差异。此外，自2003 年以来，陆地上的年均TAOD下降趋势达到0.47%⋅a⁻¹（通过95%置信度检验）。这种显著减少主要归因于小粒径（直径小于0.7 mm）AOD（SAOD）和球形AOD（SPAOD）的持续减少（分别为−0.74%⋅a⁻¹和−0.46%⋅a⁻¹）。统计分析表明，SAOD和SPAOD分别占TAOD的57.5%和89.6%，但对TAOD的趋势贡献可达82.6%和90.4%。最后，研究表明由硫酸盐、有机物和黑碳气溶胶组成的小粒径和球形气溶胶在驱动陆地TAOD年际变化中起主导作用。

关键词：气溶胶光学厚度多角度成像光谱辐射计气溶胶污染等级气溶胶类型粒径和粒形

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Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 348-361 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0343-1

摘要： The UCD/CIT model was modified to include a process analysis (PA) scheme for gas and particulate matter (PM) to study the formation of secondary nitrate aerosol during a stagnant wintertime air pollution episode during the California Regional PM /PM Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) where detailed measurements of PM components are available at a few sites. Secondary nitrate is formed in the urban areas from near the ground to a few hundred meters above the surface during the day with a maximum modeled net increase rate of 4 μg·m ·d during the study episode. The secondary nitrate formation rate in rural areas is lower due to lower NO . In the afternoon hours, near-surface temperature can be high enough to evaporate the particulate nitrate. In the nighttime hours, both the gas phase N O reactions with water vapor and the N O heterogeneous reactions with particle-bound water are important for secondary nitrate formation. The N O reactions are most import near the surface to a few hundred meters above surface with a maximum modeled net secondary nitrate increase rate of 1 μg·m ·d and are more significant in the rural areas where the O concentrations are high at night. In general, vertical transport during the day moves the nitrate formed near the surface to higher elevations. During the stagnant days, process analysis indicates that the nitrate concentration in the upper air builds up and leads to a net downward flux of nitrate through vertical diffusion and a rapid increase of surface nitrate concentration.

关键词： secondary nitrate aerosol N₂O₅ heterogeneous reaction process analysis

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Computational fluid dynamics simulation of aerosol transport and deposition

Yingjie TANG, Bing GUO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 362-377 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0365-8

摘要： In this article computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of aerosol transport and deposition, i.e. the transport and deposition of particles in an aerosol, is reviewed. The review gives a brief account of the basics of aerosol mechanics, followed by a description of the general CFD approach for flow field simulation, turbulence modeling, wall treatments and simulation of particle motion and deposition. Then examples from the literature are presented, including CFD simulation of particle deposition in human respiratory tract and particle deposition in aerosol devices. CFD simulation of particle transport and deposition may provide information that is difficult to obtain through physical experiments, and it may help reduce the number of experiments needed for device design. Due to the difficulty of describing turbulent flow and particle-eddy interaction, turbulent dispersion of particles remains one of the greatest challenges for CFD simulation. However, it is possible to take a balanced approach toward quantitative description of aerosol dispersion using CFD simulation in conjunction with empirical relations.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics (CFD) aerosol transport deposition

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Aerosol exposure assessment during reclaimed water utilization in China and risk evaluation in case of

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1516-1

摘要：

• The Chinese population exposure habits were surveyed.

关键词： Legionella QMRA Reclaimed water Aerosol Water reuse

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Response of organic aerosol characteristics to emission reduction in Yangtze River Delta region

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1714-0

摘要：

● The emission reduction causes significant change in organic aerosol composition.

关键词： Emission control Secondary organic aerosol Atmospheric oxidizing capacity Holiday effects COVID-19 lockdown

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On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku Kulmala,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti Kerminen,Joni Kujansuu,Taina Ruuskanen,Aijun Ding,Wei Nie,Min Hu,Zhibin Wang,Zhijun Wu,Lin Wang,Douglas R. Worsnop

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0850-1

摘要： Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. In China, new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels (condensation sink about 0.1s ) in several megacities. A holistic scientific understanding on the atmospheric phenomena associated with air quality as a whole, as well as on the connection between air quality and climate, is lacking at the moment.With a network of observation stations, we will be able to understand the interactions and feedbacks associated with the urban pollution mixture, and ultimately, are ready to make targeted strategies for the pollution control. This paper summaries the recent advances in studying secondary new aerosol formation in China and shows how increased process-level understanding will help us to understand air quality-climate-weather interactions and how the feedbacks and interactions affect the air quality in highly-polluted environments such as those frequently encountered in Chinese megacities. Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. However, in all environments there appears to be a threshold value of the condensation sink (due to pre-existing aerosol particles) after which the formation rate of 3 nm particles is no longer detected. In China, new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels (condensation sink about 0.1 s ) in several megacities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing as well as in Pearl River Delta (PRD). Here we summarize the recent findings obtained from these studies and discuss the various implications these findings will have on future research and policy.

关键词： Aerosol particles Heavily-polluted environments Condensation sink New particle production Megacities

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Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes: a brief overview

Zhen-liang XU, Li-yun YU, Ling-feng HAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 318-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0199-0

摘要： Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes present an interesting approach for improving the physical and chemical, as well as separation properties of polymer membranes, because they possess characteristics of both organic and inorganic membranes such as good permeability, selectivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability and so on. The preparations and structures of polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes and their unique properties are reviewed.

关键词： polymer nanoinorganic particles composite membranes

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Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1361-7

摘要：

• Bacteria could easily and quickly attached onto TEP to form protobiofilms.

关键词： Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) TEP-protobiofilm Bacteria attachment Biofouling of membrane

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Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1452-0

摘要：

•Harbin showed relatively high threshold RH (80%) for apparent increase of SOR.

关键词： Haze Sulfate Nitrate Heterogeneous chemistry Biomass burning Northeast China

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Dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles falling in liquid pool

Liangxing LI, Weimin MA, Huixiong LI, Tingkuan CHEN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 246-251 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0077-y

摘要： The dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles at the very beginning of their fall into coolant pools are presented. The falling course of a single droplet or a single hot particle was recorded by a high-speed camera and a curve of velocity . time was obtained. Emphasis was placed on the effects of the droplet’s size and temperature, the coolant’s temperature and properties, and the droplet’s physical properties on the moving behavior. The results for the all cases showed that the velocity of a falling droplet/particle decreased rapidly but rebounded shortly, at the beginning of droplet/particle falling in the coolant. Following such a V-shaped evolution in velocity, the droplet/particle slows down gradually to a comparatively steady velocity. An increase in either coolant temperature or droplet temperature results in a larger velocity variation in the “J-region”, but a smaller deceleration when it moves out of the “J-region”. The elevated volatility of a coolant leads to a steeper deceleration in the “J-region” and beyond. The bigger size of a particle leads to a greater velocity variation in the “J-region” and terminal velocity. A high melting point and thermal conductivity as well as lower heat capacity contribute to dramatic variation in the “J-region” and low terminal velocity.

关键词： dynamic characteristics molten droplets high-temperature particles fuel and coolant interactions

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Selective removal of phenol by spherical particles of

Qingchuan CHEN, Yicun WEN, Yu CANG, Li LI, Xuhong GUO, Rui ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 162-169 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1318-5

摘要： Spherical particles of -, - and -cyclodextrin (CD) polymers to efficiently remove phenol from waste water were prepared by reverse suspension polymerization with epichlorohydrin as crosslinker in liquid paraffin. By controlling the amounts of crosslinker and water, well-defined spherical polymer particles with controllable size were obtained. Due to the selective inclusion associations between CD groups and phenol, these CD spherical polymer particles were demonstrated to be ideal candidates for removal of phenol. Among them -CD polymer particles showed the best performance. The kinetics and isothermal equilibrium models were used to fit the experimental data of phenol removal from aqueous solution using these CD polymer particles. It was found that the kinetics followed the Ho and Mckay equation, suggesting that the adsorption process of phenol was controlled by diffusion and the host-guest interaction between CD and phenol. Equilibrium isothermal data can be well fitted by the Freundlich equation. The negative free energy change indicated the spontaneous nature of adsorption of phenol by -, - and -CD spherical polymer particles, while the lowest free energy for -CD polymer reflected its best adsorption ability, compared to - and -CD polymer particles.

关键词： cyclodextrin polymer particles phenol kinetic models adsorption isotherm equilibrium models

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Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO

Biwu CHU, Jiming HAO, Junhua LI, Hideto TAKEKAWA, Kun WANG, Jingkun JIANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 1-9 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x

摘要： Aerosol phase reactions play a very important role on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, and metal-containing aerosols are important components in the atmosphere. In this study, we tested the effects of two transition metal sulfate salts, manganese sulfate (MnSO ) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO ), on the photochemical reactions of a toluene/NO photooxidation system in a 2 m smog chamber. By comparing photochemical reaction products of experiments with and without transition metal sulfate seed aerosols, we evaluated the effects of transition metal sulfate seed aerosols on toluene consumption, NO conversion and the formation of ozone and SOA. MnSO and ZnSO seed aerosols were found to have similar effects on photochemical reactions, both enhance the SOA production, while showing negligible effects on the gas phase compounds. These observations are consistent when varying metal sulfate aerosol concentrations. This is attributed to the catalytic effects of MnSO and ZnSO seed aerosols which may enhance the formation of condensable semivolatile compounds. Their subsequent partitioning into the aerosol phase leads to the observed SOA formation enhancement.

关键词： manganese sulfate zinc sulfate seed aerosols toluene photooxidation secondary organic aerosol

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How aerosol direct effects influence the source contributions to PM

Litao Wang, Joshua S. Fu, Wei Wei, Zhe Wei, Chenchen Meng, Simeng Ma, Jiandong Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1014-2

摘要： Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area is the most air polluted region in China and the three neighborhood southern Hebei cities, Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, and Handan, are listed in the top ten polluted cities with severe PM pollution. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impacts of aerosol direct effects on air quality over the southern Hebei cities, as well as the impacts when considering those effects on source apportionment using three dimensional air quality models. The WRF/Chem model was applied over the East Asia and northern China at 36 and 12 km horizontal grid resolutions, respectively, for the period of January 2013, with two sets of simulations with or without aerosol-meteorology feedbacks. The source contributions of power plants, industrial, domestic, transportation, and agriculture are evaluated using the Brute-Force Method (BFM) under the two simulation configurations. Our results indicate that, although the increases in PM concentrations due to those effects over the three southern Hebei cities are only 3%–9% on montly average, they are much more significant under high PM loadings (~50 μg·m when PM concentrations are higher than 400 μg m ). When considering the aerosol feedbacks, the contributions of industrial and domestic sources assessed using the BFM will obviously increase (e.g., from 30%–34% to 32%–37% for industrial), especially under high PM loadings (e.g., from 36%–44% to 43%–47% for domestic when PM >400 μg·m ). Our results imply that the aerosol direct effects should not be ignored during severe pollution episodes, especially in short-term source apportionment using the BFM.

关键词： Aerosol direct effect PM_2.5 Southern Hebei WRF/Chem Haze

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标题作者时间类型操作

Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence

Xiaowei LUO, Yannick BENICHOU, Suyuan YU

期刊论文

Effects of seed particles Al

Xiao Zhang, Biwu Chu, Junhua Li, Chaozhi Zhang

期刊论文

小粒径和球形气溶胶对2003—2018年陆地总气溶胶光学厚度下降趋势贡献显著

桂柯, 车慧正,李雷,郑宇,张磊,赵胡笳,仲峻霆,要文瑞,梁苑新,王亚强,张小曳

期刊论文

Physical and chemical processes of wintertime secondary nitrate aerosol formation

Qi YING

期刊论文

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of aerosol transport and deposition

Yingjie TANG, Bing GUO

期刊论文

Aerosol exposure assessment during reclaimed water utilization in China and risk evaluation in case of

期刊论文

Response of organic aerosol characteristics to emission reduction in Yangtze River Delta region

期刊论文

On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku Kulmala,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti Kerminen,Joni Kujansuu,Taina Ruuskanen,Aijun Ding,Wei Nie,Min Hu,Zhibin Wang,Zhijun Wu,Lin Wang,Douglas R. Worsnop

期刊论文

Polymer-nanoinorganic particles composite membranes: a brief overview

Zhen-liang XU, Li-yun YU, Ling-feng HAN

期刊论文

Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling

期刊论文

Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

期刊论文

Dynamic characteristics of molten droplets and hot particles falling in liquid pool

Liangxing LI, Weimin MA, Huixiong LI, Tingkuan CHEN,

期刊论文

Selective removal of phenol by spherical particles of